[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":756},["ShallowReactive",2],{"lesson-basic-maritime-english-ships-and-ship-terms":3,"lesson-parent-basic-maritime-english":743,"lesson-nav-basic-maritime-english":745},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"description":733,"extension":734,"meta":735,"navigation":736,"order":737,"path":738,"seo":739,"sitemap":740,"stem":741,"__hash__":742},"lessons\u002Fcourses\u002Fbasic-maritime-english\u002Fships-and-ship-terms.md","Ships and ship terms",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":727},"minimark",[9,14,18,95,102,105,219,224,228,230,345,350,427,429,539,544,548,550,627,632,634],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"ship-design-and-construction","Ship design and construction",[15,16,17],"p",{},"Basic terms:",[19,20,21,29,35,41,47,53,59,65,71,77,83,89],"ul",{},[22,23,24,28],"li",{},[25,26,27],"strong",{},"hull"," - the watertight enclosure (the actual shell) of the ship, which protects the cargo, machinery, and accommodation spaces of the ship from the weather, flooding, and structural damage",[22,30,31,34],{},[25,32,33],{},"machinery"," - the engines required to drive the ship, as well as all the additional equipment serving the electrical installations, winches and refrigerating plant",[22,36,37,40],{},[25,38,39],{},"stern"," - also known as the after end, is the rear (back) portion of the ship",[22,42,43,46],{},[25,44,45],{},"bow"," - the forward part of the hull of a ship or boat, the point that is usually most forward when the vessel is underway",[22,48,49,52],{},[25,50,51],{},"amidships"," - in or toward the part of a ship midway between bow and stern",[22,54,55,58],{},[25,56,57],{},"beam"," - the overall width of the ship measured at the widest point of the nominal waterline",[22,60,61,64],{},[25,62,63],{},"engine room"," - the compartment where the machinery for marine propulsion is located",[22,66,67,70],{},[25,68,69],{},"propeller shaft"," - a shaft (long pole) that transmits power from an engine to a propeller",[22,72,73,76],{},[25,74,75],{},"bow thruster"," - an auxiliary propulsion device at the bow of a ship to aid in manoeuvring",[22,78,79,82],{},[25,80,81],{},"rudder"," - a device used for steering and manoeuvring a vessel",[22,84,85,88],{},[25,86,87],{},"bulbous bow"," - a protruding (sticking out) bulb at the bow (or front) of a ship just below the waterline",[22,90,91,94],{},[25,92,93],{},"hold"," - or cargo hold is a space for carrying cargo (load)",[15,96,97],{},[98,99],"img",{"alt":100,"src":101},"","https:\u002F\u002Fmedia.primonautic.com\u002Fcourses\u002Fbasic-maritime-english\u002Fship-design-and-construction.jpg",[15,103,104],{},"Examples of use:",[19,106,107,116,124,132,140,148,156,165,173,180,187,195,204,212],{},[22,108,109],{},[110,111,112,113,115],"em",{},"The trimaran ",[25,114,27],{}," form permits the ship to carry a large capacity of weapons packages with space to land two helicopters.",[22,117,118],{},[110,119,120,121,123],{},"An increasingly effective Union blockade reduced the availability of ships' ",[25,122,33],{}," and even such items as nails and spikes.",[22,125,126],{},[110,127,128,129,131],{},"About 60m behind the keel at the ",[25,130,39],{}," end, the ship is completely severed in half.",[22,133,134],{},[110,135,136,137,139],{},"With his left hand, he gestures toward the ",[25,138,39],{}," of a ship at sea.",[22,141,142],{},[110,143,144,145,147],{},"Breakers suddenly loomed up on the starboard ",[25,146,45],{},", and before the ship could turn she was ashore.",[22,149,150],{},[110,151,152,153,155],{},"Buoy line is attached at the point where the forward section of the ship has broken from the ",[25,154,45],{},".",[22,157,158],{},[110,159,160,161,164],{},"The damage from hitting the iceberg head on was at the bow rather than ",[25,162,163],{},"Amidships"," section to the port side is a lone sanitary area.",[22,166,167],{},[110,168,169,170,172],{},"Themaximum ",[25,171,57],{},"(BMAX) is the distance between planes passing through the outer extremities of the ship.",[22,174,175],{},[110,176,177,178,155],{},"At the far end stood a fourth watertight bulkhead, separating the crew's quarters from the ",[25,179,63],{},[22,181,182],{},[110,183,184,185,155],{},"Each set consisted of one high-pressure and one low-pressure turbine driving one ",[25,186,69],{},[22,188,189],{},[110,190,191,192,194],{},"They have a ",[25,193,75],{}," for manoeuvring in crowded anchorages and channels.",[22,196,197],{},[110,198,199,200,203],{},"Rigging was certainly an important element and there are indications that stern ",[25,201,202],{},"rudders"," and the construction of the hull had an impact as well.",[22,205,206],{},[110,207,208,209,211],{},"The work included extensive model testing, which resulted in the adoption of a ",[25,210,87],{}," that alone increased the ships' service speed by 0.5 knots.",[22,213,214],{},[110,215,216,217,155],{},"It was found that water was leaking into the main cargo ",[25,218,93],{},[15,220,221],{},[98,222],{"alt":100,"src":223},"https:\u002F\u002Fmedia.primonautic.com\u002Fcourses\u002Fbasic-maritime-english\u002Fship-design-and-construction-1.jpg",[10,225,227],{"id":226},"structural-members-of-a-ship","Structural members of a ship",[15,229,17],{},[19,231,232,238,244,250,256,262,268,274,280,286,292,298,304,310,316,321,327,333,339],{},[22,233,234,237],{},[25,235,236],{},"shell plating"," - the outer-most structure on the hull of a steel or aluminium ship or boat",[22,239,240,243],{},[25,241,242],{},"strake"," - horizontal row of plating of the hull of a vessel",[22,245,246,249],{},[25,247,248],{},"keel"," - the bottom-most structural member around which the hull of a ship is built",[22,251,252,255],{},[25,253,254],{},"deck"," - a permanent covering over a compartment or a hull of a ship where the crew stand and walk on (the floor)",[22,257,258,261],{},[25,259,260],{},"tank top"," - the top of a ship's bilge tank, usually the lowest horizontal surface on board",[22,263,264,267],{},[25,265,266],{},"floor"," - the transverse stiffeners mounted vertically on the ship's bottom (unlike structures on land where a floor refers to something horizontal that you can stand on)",[22,269,270,273],{},[25,271,272],{},"stringer"," - a fore-and-aft girder running along the side of a ship at the shell and also to the outboard strake of plating on any deck",[22,275,276,279],{},[25,277,278],{},"buoyancy"," - the upward force of all the hydrostatic pressures on the hull",[22,281,282,285],{},[25,283,284],{},"strength"," - the quality or state of being strong, firmness",[22,287,288,291],{},[25,289,290],{},"stability"," - the ability of a ship to float in an upright position and, if inclined under action of an external force, to return to this position after the external force",[22,293,294,297],{},[25,295,296],{},"bulkhead"," - a structure used to protect against shifting cargo and\u002For to separate the load",[22,299,300,303],{},[25,301,302],{},"compartment"," - a portion of the space within a ship defined vertically between decks and horizontally between bulkheads",[22,305,306,309],{},[25,307,308],{},"stem"," - the most forward part of a boat or ship's bow and is an extension of the keel itself",[22,311,312,315],{},[25,313,314],{},"frame"," - in ships, frames are ribs that are transverse bolted or welded to the keel",[22,317,318,320],{},[25,319,57],{}," -; the ship's width at its widest point",[22,322,323,326],{},[25,324,325],{},"bracket"," - plates at the port and starboard ends, with struts that support the tank top with the bottom shell",[22,328,329,332],{},[25,330,331],{},"girder"," - a longitudinal member used in the construction of the bottom of a ship",[22,334,335,338],{},[25,336,337],{},"stern post"," - the upright structural member or post at the stern of a (generally wooden) ship or a boat",[22,340,341,344],{},[25,342,343],{},"stiffener"," - one of a series of angle-bars, Z-bars, or other shapes, riveted to plating, particularly to the plating of bulkheads, to give them the necessary stiffness or rigidity",[15,346,347],{},[98,348],{"alt":100,"src":349},"https:\u002F\u002Fmedia.primonautic.com\u002Fcourses\u002Fbasic-maritime-english\u002Fstructural-members-of-a-ship.jpg",[19,351,352,355,358,361,364,367,370,373,376,379,382,385,388,391,394,397,400,403,406,409,412,415,418,421,424],{},[22,353,354],{},"1. bulwark rail",[22,356,357],{},"2. bulwark stay",[22,359,360],{},"3. spur",[22,362,363],{},"4. beam knees",[22,365,366],{},"5. spar ceiling",[22,368,369],{},"6. frame",[22,371,372],{},"7. bilge keel",[22,374,375],{},"8. reverse frame",[22,377,378],{},"9. lightening hole in tank side bracket",[22,380,381],{},"10. limber boards",[22,383,384],{},"11. floor",[22,386,387],{},"12. tank top plating",[22,389,390],{},"13. manhole cover",[22,392,393],{},"14. garboard strake",[22,395,396],{},"15. keel plate",[22,398,399],{},"16. intercostal",[22,401,402],{},"17. margin plate",[22,404,405],{},"18. bilge strake",[22,407,408],{},"19. sheer strake",[22,410,411],{},"20 bulwark",[22,413,414],{},"21. upper deck plating",[22,416,417],{},"22. upper deck beam",[22,419,420],{},"23. centreline bulkhead",[22,422,423],{},"24. main deck plating",[22,425,426],{},"25. main deck beam",[15,428,104],{},[19,430,431,444,452,460,469,478,486,494,502,510,520,531],{},[22,432,433],{},[110,434,435,436,439,440,443],{},"The ",[25,437,438],{},"strakes"," were enclosed by transverse ",[25,441,442],{},"bulkheads"," of the same thickness.",[22,445,446],{},[110,447,448,449,451],{},"A steel ",[25,450,248],{}," provides an added moment to maintain the vehicle in an upright pose.",[22,453,454],{},[110,455,456,457,459],{},"We sat on ",[25,458,254],{}," until it was dark.",[22,461,462],{},[110,463,464,465,468],{},"The water tanker version lacks the raised cargo expansion ",[25,466,467],{},"tank top amidships",", and both can carry 600 tons of cargo.",[22,470,471],{},[110,472,473,474,477],{},"In smaller ships, the plate ",[25,475,476],{},"floors"," themselves act as the stiffening members of the bottom shell plating.",[22,479,480],{},[110,481,482,483,485],{},"One of the locations where ",[25,484,272],{}," is mostly used is the forward part of the ship.",[22,487,488],{},[110,489,490,491,493],{},"Flotation suits are very popular now with boat anglers and have benefits of limited ",[25,492,278],{}," and warmth.",[22,495,496],{},[110,497,498,499,501],{},"This suggests that I want a boat with a reserve of secondary ",[25,500,290],{}," and a low windage for longer trips.",[22,503,504],{},[110,505,506,507,509],{},"At the far end stood a fourth watertight ",[25,508,296],{},", separating the crew's quarters from the engine room.",[22,511,512],{},[110,513,514,515,517,518,155],{},"These might be detected by any other ships furnished with two plates dipping into the sea at ",[25,516,308],{}," and ",[25,519,39],{},[22,521,522],{},[110,523,524,525,527,528,530],{},"A ",[25,526,314],{}," used to support a weight is often called a truss; the stresses on the various members of a truss can be computed for any given load with greater accuracy than the intensity of stress on the various parts of a continuous structure such as a tubular ",[25,529,331],{},", or the rib of an arch.",[22,532,533],{},[110,534,535,536,155],{},"There are four cables, one on each side of the two main trusses or ",[25,537,538],{},"stiffening girders",[15,540,541],{},[98,542],{"alt":100,"src":543},"https:\u002F\u002Fmedia.primonautic.com\u002Fcourses\u002Fbasic-maritime-english\u002Fstructural-members-of-a-ship-1.jpg",[10,545,547],{"id":546},"ships-equipment","Ship’s equipment",[15,549,17],{},[19,551,552,558,564,570,576,582,588,594,600,606,609,615,621],{},[22,553,554,557],{},[25,555,556],{},"cargo gear"," - equipment used for the handling of cargo",[22,559,560,563],{},[25,561,562],{},"derrick (ship's crane)"," - a lifting device composed at minimum of one guyed mast, as in a gin pole, which may be articulated over a load by adjusting its guys",[22,565,566,569],{},[25,567,568],{},"lifting capacity"," - the maximum weight that can be safely lifted or carried by a person or machine",[22,571,572,575],{},[25,573,574],{},"winch"," -; a mechanical device that is used to pull in (wind up) or let out (wind out) or otherwise adjust the tension of a rope or wire rope",[22,577,578,581],{},[25,579,580],{},"shore crane"," - a type of large dockside gantry crane found at container terminals for loading or unloading cargo",[22,583,584,587],{},[25,585,586],{},"mast"," - a tall spar, or arrangement of spars, erected more or less vertically on the centre-line of a ship or boat",[22,589,590,593],{},[25,591,592],{},"bridge"," - the room or platform from which the ship can be commanded",[22,595,596,599],{},[25,597,598],{},"crew accommodation"," - crew cabins usually located on deck 0, or below the sea level - deck A and B",[22,601,602,605],{},[25,603,604],{},"life-saving apparatus -"," appliances that protect human life at sea",[22,607,608],{},"**draught - (**of a ship's hull) is the vertical distance between the waterline and the bottom of the hull (keel)",[22,610,611,614],{},[25,612,613],{},"waterline -"," the line where the hull of a ship meets the surface of the water",[22,616,617,620],{},[25,618,619],{},"freeboard"," - the distance from the waterline to the upper deck level, measured at the lowest point of sheer where water can enter the boat or ship",[22,622,623,626],{},[25,624,625],{},"samson post -"," a post resting on the keelson and supporting a deck beam of a ship",[15,628,629],{},[98,630],{"alt":100,"src":631},"https:\u002F\u002Fmedia.primonautic.com\u002Fcourses\u002Fbasic-maritime-english\u002Fships-equipment.jpg",[15,633,104],{},[19,635,636,647,658,666,674,682,689,697,707,715],{},[22,637,638],{},[110,639,640,641,643,644,155],{},"The handling of cargo is carried out either by the ship's own ",[25,642,556],{}," or by ",[25,645,646],{},"shore cranes",[22,648,649,654,655],{},[25,650,651],{},[110,652,653],{},"Derrick"," ",[110,656,657],{},"cranes are made of all powers, from the timber I-ton hand derrick to the steel 150-ton derrick used in shipbuilding yards.",[22,659,660],{},[110,661,662,663,665],{},"The maximum ",[25,664,568],{}," is just over two tons.",[22,667,668],{},[110,669,670,671,673],{},"The line is hauled in by a steam or electric ",[25,672,574],{},", and the sounding-tube containing a sample of the bottom deposit is rapidly brought on board.",[22,675,676],{},[110,677,678,679,681],{},"The lowest sail on a ",[25,680,586],{}," of a square-rigged ship.",[22,683,684],{},[110,685,435,686,688],{},[25,687,592],{}," of a vessel is the navigating centre of the ship where her course is determined.",[22,690,691],{},[110,692,693,694,155],{},"At the head of an excellent harbour, a deep inlet about a mile long, available for ships of the deepest ",[25,695,696],{},"draught",[22,698,699,654,704],{},[25,700,701],{},[110,702,703],{},"Waterline",[110,705,706],{},"length was more than 13 times the depth of the hull.",[22,708,709],{},[110,710,711,712,714],{},"Small vessels, with thin masts, light rigging & sailcloth, & a lower ",[25,713,619],{}," need less wind & smaller waves.",[22,716,717],{},[110,718,719,720,723,724,726],{},"In the old days when it was normal to cat anchors before they were let go or on weighing, a ",[25,721,722],{},"samson post"," was a post erected temporarily on ",[25,725,254],{}," to take a tackle with a sufficiently long lead for the whole crew to man the fall.",{"title":100,"searchDepth":728,"depth":728,"links":729},2,[730,731,732],{"id":12,"depth":728,"text":13},{"id":226,"depth":728,"text":227},{"id":546,"depth":728,"text":547},"        The trimaran hull form permits the ship to carry a large capacity of weapons packages with space to land two helicopters.","md",{},true,1,"\u002Fcourses\u002Fbasic-maritime-english\u002Fships-and-ship-terms",{"title":5,"description":733},{"loc":738},"courses\u002Fbasic-maritime-english\u002Fships-and-ship-terms","LWo1IJSQ9Xw-Y-q9eJDUQjUmnuz-9c6DZFwDUGhvpUo",{"title":744},"Basic maritime english",[746,747,750,753],{"path":738,"title":5},{"path":748,"title":749},"\u002Fcourses\u002Fbasic-maritime-english\u002Ftypes-of-ships","Types of ships",{"path":751,"title":752},"\u002Fcourses\u002Fbasic-maritime-english\u002Fthe-merchant-ship-and-its-organization","The merchant ship and its organization",{"path":754,"title":755},"\u002Fcourses\u002Fbasic-maritime-english\u002Floading-leaving-and-underway","Loading, leaving and underway",1793269465227]